This paper presents sanitation options where “conventional sanitation solutions are not appropriate due to difficult geographical and/or geological conditions”. Cambodia is the focus area of this study and recognized for flooding, high water tables, and coastal conditions which impair access to improved sanitation. To determine appropriate sanitation options, multiple stakeholders were engaged, including local government, development, and health agencies, to ensure multifaceted solutions with lasting support. Through evaluation of technologies the researchers explained that pour flush systems, even with various adaptations, do not adequately protect water resources. A variety of other options were considered in this study bringing to light the barriers, such as lack of finances, understanding, demonstration projects, and willingness. This paper is part of a larger effort to develop an SCE Options Assessment tool for funders, implementers, and designers. This will be useful for determining the best system for a particular location as well as evaluating the appropriateness of systems already installed and in use. The paper also recognized the need for community acceptance and participation for success. Strategies to increase collaboration between stakeholders and organize experts are outlined in the Collective Impact Approach. Training and sharing are highlighted as means of sharing existing knowledge to achieve effective solutions. Practitioners may use this study to understand tradeoffs of various sanitation systems in different contexts as well as strategies for engaging communities and sharing information about sanitation solutions.
Authors: Bukauskas, K. and H. Michael
Year: 2019
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Loughborough University, Conference Contribution. 12.02.2018.
